Sharing my personal experience is i've never had problems with any 3.5inch smartphones. Old or more recent, I have zero symptoms. Of Course such phones are almost useless nowadays and antiquated. Not sure what is specifically different in larger phones other than the screen size which I don't believe to be the issue. I can vouch that the Htc One X has been the only usable smartphone above 3.5inch for me although not completely free of symptoms. Im ordering the Htc One M8 to see if its manageable.
Does anyone have any advice on whether there is in adjustment period for some devices such that devices that don't give you instant eye strain have potential for adaption. My migraines peaked in 2011/2012 where I couldn't use any devices for more than 10 minutes without medication, during that period I was taking 10mg Amitriptyline for migraines. Most devices become usable for 2-3 hours.