Like many of you, I have struggled with unexplainable LED-induced eye strain for more than a decade. Last year a lot happened, and I finally made up my mind to pursue as much medical intervention as possible. I got diagnosed with convergence insufficiency due to the right eye outpointing from Berkely Binocular Vision Center (https://eyecare.berkeley.edu/what-we-do-2/speciality-clinics/vision-therpy/) and started half a year of vision therapy.
After half a year, many devices that used to be intolerable becomes tolerable (OLED iPhone, MacBook Pro, etc.) Not perfect though, but significantly improved.
During the therapy, I am surprised to discover many new health conditions that I never noticed before. Also, different doctors with different expertise identified different issues. Hence, I summarized all of them here to raise awareness. Hope that they can help you.
Incorrect prescription: I was determined at -3.5 for both eyes even with dilation by MANY optometrists. However, at Berkeley, the doctor did a deep dilation that lasts for 24 hours and found my eyes are only -3.0. I strongly suggest everyone get a more accurate prescription with such deep dilation.
Dry eye: the sensitivity to light was partly due to this. The only solution is to use as many eye drop as possible. My doctor recommended me the preservative-free Refresh Optive Mega-3 eye drop. I tried many eye drops before, and this was the only way that worked for me.
Allergy in the eye: I have been wearing contact lenses for a decade, and I never knew that I have an allergy because of it. To diagnose this, the doctor needs to FLIP the eyelid to see if there are red bubbles on the inner surface of the eyelid. He knew this because he himself had similar problems before, and he noted not a lot of doctors knew this. The treatment is to use the Pataday daily relief. This also helped eye discomfort similar to the dry eye but eye drops cannot help.
Near distance convergence insufficiency: improving this to more than 120 Delta (which is much much higher than adult normal) ONLY PARTIALLY helps. So one should not expect that fixing convergence insufficiency will fix everything… It is only part of the problem.
The best exercise for this problem for me personally is to play candy crush with a prism flipping on each eye. At the peak of the therapy, I have to spend 15 mins playing candy crush every day with a prism covering one eye; after each move, I flip the prism.
Distant divergence: improving this helps viewing distant objects. Before when a screen eliminated me, I had a hard time viewing anything slightly further away and hence I lost a sense of balance. After improving this, even if the syndrome kicked in, I still can view things well and feel balanced.
Tracking and scanning: improving this somehow enables my eyes to move better when viewing close-up objects. Not sure if it helps with the syndromes, though.
Vergence: Not just binocular dysfunction can lead to vision problems. The lack of vergence of a single eye can also give headaches. It turns out that both of my eyes have difficulty focusing on a close-up object such as the small text displayed on a cellphone. One of the doctors prescribed me a flipper lens to help me improve this. It benefited me tremendously on viewing bad screens.
The therapy is a long journey. Now despite having reached a big milestone, I still need to do maintenance exercise every 2-3 days otherwise I can feel regression in my capability to view small fonts even on a good screen. However, hopefully, part of my experience can help some of you guys fix your problems.
One final note on the neck pain caused by a bad screen: it is a problem related to both TMJD and posture. I did not fix TMJD, but I did fix the posture by working with an experienced trainer and doing a lot of back/shoulder/neck exercises. This helped a lot.