Jimmyww I’m using a Samsung galaxy S3 with android 4.3 which I know is LED backlit but I’m fine with it (which is weird), however as a test I took the phone apart and put my screen on a S3 with android 4.4.4 I could feel straight away that it was giving me a headache. This makes me think that something changed in the software.
The Galaxy S3 seems to have an AMOLED display which flickers at 240 Hz PWM frequency. Because you can look at it that probably means you do not have a problem with AMOLED and that 240 Hz flicker in particular.
Eye strain that one may have after upgrading any OS has been confirmed by many people now. Unlike PWM, the reasons for this are still unknown and are astonishingly hard to capture.
On the other hand, this means people could turn a device they previously thought to be totally unusable into a usable device by choosing the right ROM/OS.
There are at least two factors at play: The display hardware and the software driving it. Making it tricky to find a working combination.
Jimmyww I think the resolution of the screens plays apart too, with HD and UHD having very fine detail and vivid colours, which certain people are sensitive to??
If you find a high resolution display that you can use, you can eliminate that theory. After all, the 720x1280 4.8" display you can use has ~306 PPI, so is pretty high-res already.
It would be interesting to know if you can use a current custom ROM like LineageOS on a Galaxy S3. May help a little to extend its life (providing the unlocking procedure succeeds). Or it may introduce eye strain...